| 英语名词 | 作用 | 例词 |
|---|
| 名词 | Noun (n.) | 表示人或事物的名称 | student, china |
| 代词 | Pronoun (pron.) | 用来代替名词、形容词或数词等 | he, that |
| 数词 | Numeral (num.) | 表示数量或顺序 | one, first |
| 形容词 | Adjective (adj.) | 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质 | safe, great |
| 冠词 | Article (art.) | 用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 | an, a, the |
| 动词 | Verb (v.) | 表示人或事物的动作或状态 | eat, have, run |
| 副词 | Adverb (adv.) | 用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性 | hard, here, often, quickly |
| 介词 | Preposition (prep.) | 用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系 | under, in, on |
| 连词 | Conjunction (conj.) | 用来连接词、短语或句子 | and, but |
| 感叹词 | Interjection (interj.) | 表示说话时的感情或口气 | hello, why |
| 常见名词后缀 | 例子 |
|---|
| -eer, -er(or) 意为：人 | engineer, driver, teacher, actor, professor |
| -ess 意为：女性 | actress, poetess, hostess |
| -hood 意为：时期 | boyhood, childhood, manhood |
| -ship 意为：状态、资格、品质等 | leadership, friendship, membership |
| -tion, -ion 意为：状态、行动等 | action, possession, education |
| -ment 意为：状态、行动等 | movement, pavement |
| -al 意为：动作 | arrival, refusal, removal |
| -age 意为：程度、数量等 | wastage, coverage, acreage |
| -ness, -ity(ty) 意为：状态、品质 | happiness, usefulness, selfishness, kindness, activity |
| -ism 意为：道义、主义、学说等 | idealism, impressionism, racism |
| 常见动词后缀 | 例子 |
|---|
| -ify 意为：转为、变为 | beautify, diversify, simplify |
| -ize, -en 意为：使……、变得…… | modernize, popularize, widen, heighten, threaten |
| -ate 意为：增加 | originate, differentiate |
| 常见形容词后缀 | 例子 |
|---|
| -ful 意为：充满、有 | useful, pitiful, hopeful, careful, helpful, forgetful, thankful, fearful |
| -less 意为：没有、无 | speechless, childless, harmless, hopeless, meaningless, homeless |
| -ly 意为：有……品质的 | manly, brotherly, friendly |
| -some 意为：像……一样的、引起……的、有……品质的 | troublesome, tiresome, bothersome |
| -able(ible) 意为：能……的、可以……的 | changeable, reliable, readable, comfortable |
| -ed 意为：有……的 | worried |
| -al 意为：有……属性的、……类型的 | cultural, personal, regional, musical |
| -ive 意为：有……属性的、有某种倾向的 | attractive, talkative |
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语
I love you.
I am a student.
I am a good student.
I am a very good student.
I usually get up at 6am.
I make you happy.
I cried. 主谓
I love you. 主谓宾
I will give you a kiss. 主谓宾（间接宾语）宾（直接宾语）
You make me happy. 主谓宾宾补
You are my angel. 主系表
He is a student. 主系表
He understands English. 主谓宾
He bought you nothing. 主谓宾宾
He keeps the table clean. 主谓宾宾补
He arrived. 主谓
graph LR
A[句型]-->简单句
A-->并列句
A-->B[复合句]
B-->adj.定语从句
B-->C[n.名词性从句]
B-->adv.状语从句
C-->主语从句
C-->宾语从句
C-->表语从句
C-->同位语从句